Ka\u017ed\u00e1 operace, p\u0159i kter\u00e9 dojde k poru\u0161en\u00ed tk\u00e1n\u011b, zanech\u00e1 jizvu. M\u016f\u017ee j\u00edt o malou jizvu po artroskopii kolene stejn\u011b jako o rozs\u00e1hlej\u0161\u00ed jizvu po operaci b\u0159icha. Jizva je v\u00fdsledkem p\u0159irozen\u00e9ho procesu hojen\u00ed. T\u011blo se sna\u017e\u00ed po\u0161kozen\u00e9 m\u00edsto co nejrychleji uzav\u0159\u00edt a obnovit jeho pevnost. Nov\u011b vznikl\u00e1 tk\u00e1\u0148 ale nen\u00ed \u00fapln\u011b stejn\u00e1 jako tk\u00e1\u0148 p\u016fvodn\u00ed. Kolagenov\u00e1 vl\u00e1kna jsou zpo\u010d\u00e1tku m\u00e9n\u011b uspo\u0159\u00e1dan\u00e1 a jizva je proto m\u00e9n\u011b pevn\u00e1 a pru\u017en\u00e1. Postupn\u011b se jizva p\u0159estavuje a jej\u00ed mechanick\u00e9 vlastnosti se zlep\u0161uj\u00ed. Tento proces trv\u00e1 m\u011bs\u00edce a m\u016f\u017ee pokra\u010dovat i d\u00e9le ne\u017e rok. P\u00e9\u010de o jizvu proto nekon\u010d\u00ed ve chv\u00edli, kdy se r\u00e1na uzav\u0159e.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Hojen\u00ed prob\u00edh\u00e1 v n\u011bkolika f\u00e1z\u00edch, kter\u00e9 se \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b p\u0159ekr\u00fdvaj\u00ed. Nejprve se zastav\u00ed krv\u00e1cen\u00ed. Krevn\u00ed desti\u010dky vytvo\u0159\u00ed krevn\u00ed sra\u017eeninu a uvoln\u00ed l\u00e1tky, kter\u00e9 spou\u0161t\u011bj\u00ed dal\u0161\u00ed f\u00e1ze hojen\u00ed. Pot\u00e9 p\u0159ich\u00e1z\u00ed z\u00e1n\u011btliv\u00e1 f\u00e1ze. Do m\u00edsta poran\u011bn\u00ed putuj\u00ed bu\u0148ky imunitn\u00edho syst\u00e9mu, kter\u00e9 odstra\u0148uj\u00ed po\u0161kozen\u00e9 bu\u0148ky a p\u0159ipravuj\u00ed tk\u00e1\u0148 na opravu. M\u00edrn\u00e9 zarudnut\u00ed, otok a citlivost proto mohou b\u00fdt v prvn\u00edch dnech sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed norm\u00e1ln\u00edho hojen\u00ed. N\u00e1sleduje tvorba nov\u00e9 tk\u00e1n\u011b. Aktivuj\u00ed se fibroblasty, kter\u00e9 vytv\u00e1\u0159ej\u00ed kolagen a dal\u0161\u00ed sou\u010d\u00e1sti vazivov\u00e9 tk\u00e1n\u011b. Vznik\u00e1 nov\u00e1, zat\u00edm nezral\u00e1 jizva. Nakonec jizva dozr\u00e1v\u00e1 a remodeluje se. Kolagenov\u00e1 vl\u00e1kna se postupn\u011b p\u0159eskupuj\u00ed a zpev\u0148uj\u00ed podle mechanick\u00e9ho zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed tk\u00e1n\u011b. Jizva se obvykle postupn\u011b zplo\u0161\u0165uje, bledne a m\u011bkne. Pr\u00e1v\u011b posledn\u00ed f\u00e1ze trv\u00e1 nejd\u00e9le, \u010dasto n\u011bkolik m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f, a fyzioterapie m\u00e1 velk\u00fd v\u00fdznam.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
U hlub\u0161\u00edch operac\u00ed se nehoj\u00ed pouze k\u016f\u017ee. Hoj\u00ed se tak\u00e9 podko\u017e\u00ed, fascie, svaly a dal\u0161\u00ed tk\u00e1n\u011b. Jednotliv\u00e9 vrstvy se p\u0159i pohybu b\u011b\u017en\u011b posouvaj\u00ed v\u016f\u010di sob\u011b. Po operaci m\u016f\u017ee vzniknout vazivov\u00e1 tk\u00e1\u0148, kter\u00e1 jejich pohyb omez\u00ed. To m\u016f\u017ee v\u00e9st k pocitu tahu, nap\u011bt\u00ed nebo omezen\u00ed pohybu. Proto p\u0159i pr\u00e1ci s jizvou nesledujeme pouze jej\u00ed vzhled. Zaj\u00edm\u00e1 n\u00e1s tak\u00e9 jej\u00ed pohyblivost a vztah k okoln\u00edm tk\u00e1n\u00edm.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
P\u00e9\u010de se m\u011bn\u00ed podle toho, jak dlouho je r\u00e1na po operaci a jak se hoj\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
V prvn\u00edch dnech je r\u00e1na obvykle kryt\u00e1 steriln\u00edm kryt\u00edm. \u010cerstvou jizvu nen\u00ed vhodn\u00e9 mas\u00edrovat ani mechanicky rozru\u0161ovat. Podle typu operace lze pracovat velmi jemn\u011b s okoln\u00edmi tk\u00e1n\u011bmi. Lehk\u00fdm posunem k\u016f\u017ee a podko\u017e\u00ed m\u016f\u017eeme sn\u00ed\u017eit nap\u011bt\u00ed v okol\u00ed opera\u010dn\u00ed r\u00e1ny, p\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b jemn\u00fd tlak na jizvu p\u0159es steriln\u00ed kryt\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Jakmile je r\u00e1na uzav\u0159en\u00e1 a zhojen\u00e1, m\u016f\u017eeme za\u010d\u00edt pracovat p\u0159\u00edmo s jizvou. Pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1me nejprve jemn\u00e9 pohyby do stran a posuny jizvy v\u016f\u010di okoln\u00ed k\u016f\u017ei. Postupn\u011b m\u016f\u017eeme p\u0159id\u00e1vat r\u016fzn\u00e9 sm\u011bry tahu, nap\u0159\u00edklad pohyby ve tvaru p\u00edsmene C nebo S.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Nejde o to jizvu silou \u201erozmas\u00edrovat\u201c. Smyslem je obnovit jej\u00ed pohyblivost a umo\u017enit jednotliv\u00fdm vrstv\u00e1m tk\u00e1n\u011b, aby se v\u016f\u010di sob\u011b mohly voln\u011b pohybovat. Jizvu m\u016f\u017eeme tak\u00e9 pravideln\u011b promaz\u00e1vat neparfemovan\u00fdm kr\u00e9mem, s\u00e1dlem nebo vazel\u00ednou. Promaz\u00e1n\u00ed pom\u00e1h\u00e1 omezit vysych\u00e1n\u00ed k\u016f\u017ee a usnad\u0148uje samotnou mobilizaci.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Pokud se r\u00e1na dob\u0159e hoj\u00ed, m\u016f\u017eeme postupn\u011b p\u0159id\u00e1vat intenzivn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed pr\u00e1ci s jizvou a okoln\u00edmi tk\u00e1n\u011bmi. M\u016f\u017eeme pracovat v pod\u00e9ln\u00e9m sm\u011bru jizvy a postupn\u011b zvy\u0161ovat rozsah jej\u00edho pohybu. V t\u00e9to f\u00e1zi u\u017e jizva snese v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed mechanick\u00e9 zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed, st\u00e1le v\u0161ak plat\u00ed, \u017ee intenzita terapie mus\u00ed odpov\u00eddat konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed operaci a stavu tk\u00e1n\u011b. \u0160est t\u00fddn\u016f je pouze orienta\u010dn\u00ed \u00fadaj. Mal\u00e1 ko\u017en\u00ed r\u00e1na se hoj\u00ed jinak ne\u017e rozs\u00e1hl\u00e1 operace b\u0159icha nebo rekonstrukce vaz\u016f v koleni.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
V pozd\u011bj\u0161\u00ed f\u00e1zi hojen\u00ed m\u016f\u017eeme podle pot\u0159eby vyu\u017e\u00edt tak\u00e9 silikonov\u00e9 pom\u016fcky, nap\u0159\u00edklad silikonov\u00e9 ba\u0148ky nebo silikonov\u00e9 n\u00e1plasti. Vhodn\u00e9 m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt tak\u00e9 tejpov\u00e1n\u00ed nebo intenzivn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed mobilizace okoln\u00edch tk\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Chra\u0148te jizvu p\u0159ed sluncem. Nov\u00e1 jizva je citliv\u011bj\u0161\u00ed na UV z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed a m\u016f\u017ee po n\u011bm v\u00fdrazn\u011bji ztmavnout. Proto ji chra\u0148te p\u0159ed p\u0159\u00edm\u00fdm sluncem. S jizvou nepracujte, pokud r\u00e1na krv\u00e1c\u00ed, hnis\u00e1 nebo z n\u00ed vyt\u00e9k\u00e1 podez\u0159el\u00fd sekret, v\u00fdrazn\u011b ot\u00e9k\u00e1, je st\u00e1le v\u00edce zarudl\u00e1 a tepl\u00e1, rozestupuje se nebo se zvy\u0161uje bolest.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Ka\u017ed\u00e1 operace, p\u0159i kter\u00e9 dojde k poru\u0161en\u00ed tk\u00e1n\u011b, zanech\u00e1 jizvu. M\u016f\u017ee j\u00edt o malou jizvu po artroskopii kolene stejn\u011b jako o rozs\u00e1hlej\u0161\u00ed jizvu po operaci b\u0159icha. Jizva je v\u00fdsledkem p\u0159irozen\u00e9ho procesu hojen\u00ed. T\u011blo se sna\u017e\u00ed po\u0161kozen\u00e9 m\u00edsto co nejrychleji uzav\u0159\u00edt a obnovit jeho pevnost. Nov\u011b vznikl\u00e1 tk\u00e1\u0148 ale nen\u00ed \u00fapln\u011b stejn\u00e1 jako tk\u00e1\u0148 p\u016fvodn\u00ed. Kolagenov\u00e1 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1102,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[67],"class_list":["post-12617","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized","tag-lang-cs"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/praguept.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12617","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/praguept.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/praguept.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/praguept.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1102"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/praguept.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=12617"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/praguept.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12617\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":12620,"href":"https:\/\/praguept.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12617\/revisions\/12620"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/praguept.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=12617"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/praguept.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=12617"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/praguept.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=12617"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}